e-4ORCE

e-4ORCE is an electric-drive, four-wheel control system that commands drive force at will by integrating two high-output motors — one front, one rear — with the brakes. It combines the 4WD control and chassis control expertise Nissan has refined over decades with the latest electrification technology. This innovative drive system raises the performance of fully motor-driven EVs and e-POWER vehicles to an even higher level, delivering powerful, refined driving that responds as the driver intends across a wide range of driving conditions, from everyday roads to winding and slippery surfaces. On selected models, a mode selector allows drivers to adjust the characteristics which can increase the use of rear-wheel drive force which further enhances comfort and driving performance.

e-4ORCE freely controls the drive force of all four wheels to match the situation, delivering high-quality driving.

As driving and road conditions change from moment to moment, e-4ORCE calculates the drive force needed to match the driver's steering, acceleration and braking, then controls all four wheels through the front and rear motors and the left and right brakes. This helps the vehicle respond as the driver intends across a wide range of driving conditions, including slippery roads. On selected models, e-4ORCE increases the ratio of drive force sent to the rear wheels while cornering, actively pointing the car toward the inside of the corner and delivering the engaging handling feel of a rear-wheel-drive car.

When the driver lifts off the accelerator, the front and rear motors recover energy in a balanced manner to slow the vehicle. This suppresses the pitching (nose-dive) that occurs when only the front wheels handle regeneration, delivering flat, smooth deceleration that keeps passengers comfortable. e-4ORCE also constantly monitors how much each wheel is slipping and automatically adjusts the level of regeneration on low-traction surfaces.

Because electric motors can control torque with high precision, e-4ORCE provides smooth drive force the instant the driver presses the accelerator, ensuring a powerful start with optimal traction even on snow-covered slopes. The system detects the slightest slip at any wheel and quickly redistributes drive force. On selected models, e-4ORCE increases rear-wheel drive force at launch to suppress pitching, keeping the vehicle flat as it accelerates.

A tire's grip limit changes from moment to moment with driving and road conditions and differs from wheel to wheel. e-4ORCE detects even the slightest tire slip and assesses each tire's grip limit while driving. It calculates the drive force needed for the driver's intended turning, acceleration and braking, and integrates control of the front and rear motors with the left and right brakes to make the most of all four tires' grip.

On select models, e-4ORCE sends a greater ratio of drive force to the rear wheels while cornering. This frees the front tires to use more of their grip for steering force — the force that turns the direction of the vehicle — allowing it to turn more responsively towards the apex of the corner. When accelerating from a standing start, e-4ORCE also increases rear-wheel drive force: the rear suspension is designed with a nose-up geometry, generating an anti-squat force that maximises traction.

A conventional mechanical 4WD system can shift its front-to-rear split only as far as 50:50. In contrast, a 4WD system with a dedicated motor at each axle can vary that split anywhere from 100:0 to 0:100. Combined with brake control to vary drive force between left and right, e-4ORCE controls all four wheels with high speed and high precision.